7 days in healthcare (August 14th-20th, 2023)
Summary
From the point of view of Biomedicine, surely the most far-reaching news is the success obtained with a transplant to a brain-dead human of a genetically modified pig kidney, which worked perfectly, both from the point of view of renal function and of non-rejection. This represents great hope for transplants, especially in the United States where transplant waiting lists are very long. It is estimated that some 5,000 people in the USA die each year waiting for a kidney transplant. The idea is to request authorization from the FDA to carry out a clinical trial.
As far as Global Health is concerned, an interesting WHO summit in India on traditional medicine (which includes treatments as varied as Ayurveda, yoga, homeopathy and complementary therapies), although we don’t have to expect much from the results. The truth is that traditional medicine is followed by billions of people and the WHO wants to see how it integrates with conventional medicine. The Lancet comments that malnutrition is the greatest risk for tuberculosis. In fact between 1900 and 1940 the incidence of tuberculosis plummeted, in the absence of any effective treatment or vaccines, simply because of improved socioeconomic conditions.
As for International Health Policy, two Chinese manufacturers are making “copycats” of weight-loss drugs, threatening Western companies in their development in this huge obesity market. An international study (United States, Germany and Switzerland) warns of the “cancer premium” in the price of medicines, which reaches up to three times that of medicines for other diseases, this price not being justified either by the manufacturing process or by because of the research, but, fundamentally, because of the extreme concern and anguish in the face of this disease. Although the study refers to those countries, this phenomenon occurs in all nations, including Spain.
If we talk about National Health Policy (Spain), denounce the low rates of insurers with doctors. Although the matter will surely have many nuances, the truth is that the low rate of insurers (20 euros on average for a first consultation and 10 for a subsequent one) make this model of care provision very unstable. La Rioja proposes with the new government of the PP to have a Faculty of Medicine. The map of the Faculties of Medicine in Spain has been highly denounced both by the Association of Medical Students and by the Medical Deans’ Conference. We have a ratio of medical schools per population that is second only to South Korea, of course much higher than that of France, the United Kingdom and Germany, which should be our benchmarks. The peculiar distribution of powers between the State, the communities and the Universities has led to this certainly anomalous situation. The pharmaceutical industry has become the leading export sector in Spain, ahead of the automobile industry, which traditionally led the ranking. A complete success for this industry, of which there are 173 production plants, most of them in Catalonia, followed by Madrid.
In the field of Companies, at the international level, Novartis plans to separate from Sandoz (its division for generics and biosimilars), following the same path as Pfizer with its Upjohn generic business, which it merged with Mylan to form Viatris. Various private equity firms interested in the operation. At the national level, it is worth highlighting the large increase in Ferrer’s profit.
Biomedicine
- What is an embryo. Scientists say the definition should change. Certain laboratory-generated structures with the potential to develop into fetuses should be defined and regulated as embryos. Stem cells can be used to generate embryo-like structures (https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02641-2#:~:text=They%20propose%20that%20an%20embryo,how%20they%20came%20into%20being”.)
- Transplanted pig kidneys offer life-sustaining solutions for the first time. These genetically modified pig kidneys were transplanted into a brain dead person and they worked perfectly (https://www.ft.com/content/79a3d940-48c1-4d11-a115-b63fe95d2543)
- Digital devices and apps to reduce the use of alcohol. Europe has the highest rate of alcohol consumption in the world. An app was used with 1,770 students, with good results compared to the control group (https://www.bmj.com/content/382/bmj.p1665)
Global Health
- The first WHO Traditional Medicine Summit which started on August 17 in India will probably end with divided opinions. When billions of people use traditional medicine, the WHO wants to see how to integrate it into conventional healthcare (https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02636-z)
- Food as a tuberculosis vaccine. From 1900 to 1944 there was a precipitous drop in the incidence of tuberculosis, without treatment or vaccinations. It is believed that it was due to the socioeconomic transformation. Today malnutrition remains the major risk factor for tuberculosis (https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)01321-1/fulltext#:~:text=Access%20to%20affordable%20and%20nutrient,relevance%20in%20the%2021st%20century.)
- The future after the end of the HIV pandemic. The Sustainable Development Goals speak of the disappearance of HIV/AIDS as a threat to public health by 2030. (https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)01728-2/fulltext#:~:text=Launched%20in%202019%2C%20the%20initiative,required%20to%20achieve%20the%20target.)
- A study with 300,000 workers in the nuclear industry suggests an increased risk of death from cancer (https://elpais.com/ciencia/2023-08-16/un-estudio-con-300000-trabajadores-de-la-industria -nuclear-suggests-a-higher-risk-of-death-from-cancer.html#:~:text=The%20prolonged%20exposure%20to%20dose%20low%20of%20radiation%20ionizing%20is,United%20United Kingdom)
- Female mutilation causes more than 44,000 deaths a year in Africa (https://www.elmundo.es/ciencia-y-salud/salud/2023/08/18/64df81fcfdddff501e8b4595.html#)
International Health Policy
- COVID19
- Weekly covid report published by WHO, 17 August 2023. While four WHO regions have shown a decrease in cases and deaths, the Western Pacific region has shown an increase in cases and deaths. Covid continues to be a major threat. Maintaining surveillance and reporting is critical (https://reliefweb.int/report/world/covid-19-weekly-epidemiological-update-edition-156-published-17-august-2023)
- USA
- How nursing homes failed to protect residents from covid. The first wave of the covid caused 50,000 deaths in nursing homes in five months (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/19/health/nursing-homes-covid.html)
- China
- Chinese manufacturers develop copies of weight loss drugs. This can represent a competition in this big market for Novonordisk and even offer a cheaper alternative for the western world (https://www.ft.com/content/9559b587-4de3-4b68-a311-7bfc77870855)
- United Kingdom and National Health Service
- Aviva joins AXA in saying the NHS crisis offers big investment opportunities (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/aug/16/big-opportunities-in-expanding-private-health-cover-amid-nhs-strain-says-aviva-boss#:~:text=Aviva%20joins%20Axa%20in%20saying%20crisis%20in%20NHS%20presents%20opportunities%20to%20expand%20business,-UK%27s%)
- New variant of covid causing concern among scientists is detected in London (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/18/new-covid-variant-ba286-causing-concern-among-scientists-detected-in-london#:~:text=A%20new%20Covid%20variant%20that,have%20so%20far%20been%20reported.)
- Covid admissions increase in England (https://www.bmj.com/content/382/bmj.p1833)
- UK moves to fight antimicrobial resistance with big investments (https://www.ft.com/content/cb4a3d5c-918b-4505-9435-d6963ad27f0a)
- Germany
- The legalization of recreational cannabis approved by the German government (https://www.lemonde.fr/sante/article/2023/08/16/en-allemagne-le-gouvernement-donne-son-aval-a-la-legalization-du-cannabis-recreatif_6185552_1651302.html)
- The Curaleaf cannabis group is targeting the German market (https://www.ft.com/content/9eab3125-8c7a-4e9c-8ef5-50fb8dae1965)
- Israel
- A Tel Aviv hospital, the first to use ChatGPT for patient triage (https://nocamels.com/2023/08/tel-aviv-hospital-first-ever-to-use-ai-including-chatgpt-triage/)
- Italy
- A law for the erasure of cancer memory is approved before financial institutions, insurers and employers (https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)01730-0/fulltext)
- The price of cancer drugs
- An international study (United States, Germany and Switzerland) indicates that pharmaceutical companies apply a premium of up to three times for cancer medication (the so-called cancer premium) (https://elpais.com/sociedad/2023-08-16/the-cancer-premium-because-cancer-treatments-cost-up-to-triple-than-other-medicines.html). Access to the original work of The Lancet: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(23)00264-X/fulltext
- European Union
- Future of European health legislation: new pharmaceutical regulations, Health Data Space or critical medicines of the EU (https://elglobal.es/politica/legislacion-farmaceutica-espacio-datos-sanitarios-o-medicamentos-criticos-la -ue-of-health-against-clock/)
National health policy
- COVID
- The new variants of the covid mean that infections have increased in summer, but not the severity (https://elpais.com/sociedad/2023-08-18/las-nuevas-variantes-de-la-covid-no-nothing-changes-infections-have-increased-in-summer-but-severity-not.html)
- The Hospital Clínic de Barcelona recommends recovering the mask within the center due to the rebound in covid (https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20230818/9174654/clinic-recupera-mascarillas-repunte-casos-covid.html)
- The Peset Hospital in Valencia once again implants masks (https://www.consalud.es/autonomias/c-valenciana/aumento-covid-19-hospital-peset-valencia-volver-implantar-mascarillas_133424_102.html#)
- Private healthcare
- Private healthcare doctors have not updated their fees to the CPI for 30 years. Although it varies by insurer and specialty, the first consultation is around 20 euros and the subsequent 10 euros. (https://theobjective.com/economia/2023-08-14/medicos-privados-sueldo-ipc/#). To consult the scales of the main specialties and insurers: https://baremosmedicos.com
- Faculties of Medicine
- La Rioja is no longer the only community without a degree in Medicine, according to the plans of the new PP government (https://www.consalud.es/formacion/rioja-dejara-ser-unica-comunidad-sin-grado-en-medicine-is-sleep-our-society_133458_102.html)
- Pharmaceutical industry
- The pharmaceutical industry gives the “sorpasso” to the automobile as the largest exporter in Spain (https://cincodias.elpais.com/companias/2023-08-14/la-industria-farmaceutica-da-el-sorpasso-al-automovil-as-the-largest-exporter-in-spain.html#)
- Pharmaceutical spending grew by 3.4% and reached a record of 6,300 million (https://www.eleconomista.es/salud/noticias/12408864/08/23/el-gasto-farmaceutico-crece-un-34-and-reaches-a-record-of-6300-million.html)
Companies
- International News
- Novartis plans to separate from Sandoz in October (https://www.ft.com/content/85a15324-2569-4ff3-97c5-8e6d528eb0d1)
- Pfizer seeks purchases to alleviate a drop in revenue of 16,000 million (https://www.eleconomista.es/salud/noticias/12407593/08/23/pfizer-busca-compras-para-paliar-una-caida-de-revenue-of-16000-million.html)
- National News
- The pharmaceutical company Ferrer increases its profits by 50% (https://www.eleconomista.es/salud/noticias/12410299/08/23/la-farmaceutica-ferrer-eleva-un-50-sus-beneficios-hasta-los -23-million-.html)
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